Nilai-nilai pendidikan islam dalam ritual budaya tolak bala pada masyarakat mendawai di kota Palangka Raya

Sairaji, Ahmad (2020) Nilai-nilai pendidikan islam dalam ritual budaya tolak bala pada masyarakat mendawai di kota Palangka Raya. Masters thesis, IAIN Palangka Raya.

Text Tesis Ahmad Sairaji - 19016114.pdf Download (1MB)

Abstract

Masyarakat Mendawai di Kota Palangka Raya sering melakukan ritual budaya tolak bala setiap tahun, karena sering terjadi kebakaran yang menghanguskan rumah warga atau masyarakat ada yang melihat hal-hal gaib seperti hantu api yang menandakan akan terjadinya kebakaran besar di wilayah penampakan hantu api tersebut. Kegiatan ritual budaya tolak bala yang dilakukan masyarakat Mendawai dengan cara berkeliling kampung sambil membaca syair burdah karena syair burdah dipercaya bisa meolak bala. Perlengkapan yang dibawa masyarakat yaitu kitab Sahih Bukhari dan kitab Sahih Muslim. Menurut masyarakat di sana, kitab Shahih Bukhari dan kitab Sahih Muslim adalah kitab yang memiliki keistimewaan yang dapat menolak bala. Hal ini menjadi menarik untuk diteliti terkait nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam yang terkandung dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala.

Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat adalah 1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala pada masyarakat Mendawai di Kota Palangka Raya? 2) Bagaimana nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam ritual budaya tolak bala pada masyarakat Mendawai di Kota Palangka Raya? 3) Bagaimana konsekuensi moral dan sosial dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala pada Masyarakat Mendawai di kota Palangka Raya?

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala, menganalisis nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala dan menganalisis konsekuensi moral dan sosial dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang utama adalah observasi partisipatif, wawancara tidak terstruktur dan mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data kualitatif bersifat deskriptif, yaitu analisis berdasarkan pengumpulan data, pengurangan data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan vertifikasi.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 1) Bahwa pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala dimulai dari sholat magrib berjamaah, sholat hajat berjamaah, pembacaan surah yasin, pembacaan ratibul haddad, pembacaan sholawat nariyah, sholat isya berjamaah dan pembacaan syair burdah keliling. Di dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala terdapat perbuatan interaksi simbolik dan perbuatan sakral pada saat pembacaan syair burdah keliling. 2) Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala yaitu Nilai Aqidah, Nilai Ibadah, Nilai Akhlak dan Nilai Sosial. 3) Konsekuensi moral dan sosial yang ada dalam pelaksanaan ritual budaya tolak bala masyarakat merasa aman dan tali persaudaraan lebih erat.

ABSTRACT

People that lived in Mendawai resident at Palangka Raya City often performs a cultural ritual for rejecting disasters every year, because there are fire incident that frequently scorch the houses in resident or people who see magical things such as fire ghosts which indicate a large fire will happens in the area where the ghost appears. The cultural ritual activities of rejecting disaster carried out by the Mendawai people are by walking around the village and reading Burdah verses because Burdah poetry is believed to be able to reject bala or disaster. The instruments used in the ritual were the Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim books. According to the people that lived there, the Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim books are books that have special power for rejecting disaster. From this event, it become interesting to researching related to the values of Islamic education contained in the implementation of the cultural ritual of rejecting bala.

The background problems are 1) How is the cultural ritual of rejecting bala in the Mendawai resisent in Palangka Raya City? 2) What are the values of Islamic education in the cultural ritual of rejecting bala in the Mendawai resident at Palangka Raya City? 3) What are the moral and social consequences in implementing the cultural ritual of rejecting bala for people that lived in Mendawai resident at Palangka Raya city?

The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of the cultural ritual of rejecting bala, to analyze the values of Islamic education in the implementation of the cultural ritual of rejecting bala and to analyze the moral and social consequences of the implementation of the cultural ritual of rejecting bala. The approach technique used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach. The main data collection techniques are participatory observation, unstructured and in-depth interviews, and documentation. This study uses descriptive qualitative data analysis, namely analysis based on data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification.

The results of this research are 1) The ritual starts from do Maghrib prayer
together, Hajat prayer, read Yasin, Ratibul Haddad, Nariyah, and then continuing to Isya prayer, after that the people do walking around the resident while read Burdah poetry, and in the implementation of this ritual, there are some acts of symbolic interaction and sacred acts during the read of Burdah poem while walking around the resident. 2) The values of Islamic Education in this cultural ritual implementation are namely the Values of Aqeedah, Values of Worship, Moral Values and Social Values. 3) The moral and social consequences that appears in the implementation of this cultural ritual of rejecting bala are the people in Mendawai resident feels safe and the bond of between the people lived there become closer.

Actions (login required)

View Item