Praktik manyambang di Kecamatan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan

Kurnia, Kurnia (2021) Praktik manyambang di Kecamatan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Undergraduate thesis, IAIN Palangka Raya.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya praktik manyambang di Kecamatan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Manyambang merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh beberapa orang yang meminta minyak kepada setiap tongkang yang melewati daerah aliran sungai di Kecamatan Karau Kuala kabupaten Barito Selatan. Dalam praktinya kegiatan manyambang dilakukan secara terus menerus, hal ini tentu hanya menguntungkan salah satu pihak dan merugikan pihak yang lain, meskipun begitu pihak tongkang selalu memberikan sejumlah uang ataupun minysk solar setiap melewati daerah aliran sungai di Kecamatan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan.Adapun permasalah yang dikaji adalah bagaimana praktik manyambang di Kecamatan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan, dan bagaimana pandangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah terhadap praktik manyambang di Kecamtan Karau Kuala Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris, denganpendekatan socio-legal. Kesimpulan dari penulisan ini adalahada dua bentuk kegiatan manyambang, pertama kegiatan manyambang dilakukan dengan memberikan jasa pengawalan selama di perjalanan melewati daerah aliran sungai Barito Selatan. Adapun bentuk kegiatan manyambang yang kedua yaitu tanpa adanya jasa pengawalan, dalam hal ini setiap kapal tongkang yang melewati aliran sungai di tetap diminta sejumlah uang namun nominalnya ditentukan oleh pihak tongkang. Berdasarkan hukum ekonomi syariah dilihat dari segi bentuk akad maka praktik manyambang termasuk pada akad ijarah, jika ditinjau dari segi rukun dan syarat ijarah, maka praktik manyambang yang pertama yaitu upah yang didasarkan atas adanya pekerjaan sudah sesuai dengan rukun, syarat ijarah, dan telah memenuhi unsur keadilan serta kesepakatan.Sedangkan praktik manyambang yang kedua yaitu tanpa ada jasa atau pekerjaan yang dilakukukan tidak terpenuhinya aspek keadilan distributif karena seharusnya seorang pekerja mendapatkan upah sesuai dengan jasa yang diberikan,jika ditinjau dari segi kesepakatan maka tidak sesuai dengan syarat kesepakatan yang termuat dalam Pasal 1327 KUH Perdata dan teori kesepakatan dalam Islam.

ABSTRACT

This research is motivated by the practice of manyambang in Karau Kuala District, South Barito Regency. Manyambang is an activity carried out by several people who ask for oil to every barge that passes through the watershed in Karau Kuala District, South Barito Regency. In practice, manyambang activities are carried out continuously, this of course only benefits one party and harms the other party, even so the barge always gives some money or diesel oil every time it passes through the watershed in Karau Kuala District, South Barito Regency. As for the research problem, there is how is manyambang activity in Karau Kuala district of South Barito regency, and how is the perspektif of sharia economic law on manyambang practice in Karau Kuala district, South Barito regency. This research is empirical research, with a sociological or socio-legal research approach. The conclusion of this writing was that there are two forms of manyambang activities, first manyambang activities were carried out by providing escort services while on the way through the South Barito river watershed. As for the second form of manyambang activities, namely without escort services, in this case every barge that passes through the river flow is still asked for some money but the nominal is determined by the barge. Based on sharia economic law in terms of the form of the contract, the practice of manyambang including the ijarah contract, if viewed in terms of the pillars and conditions of ijarah, so the first manyambang activity that is the wages based on the existence of work was in accordance with the pillars, conditions of ijarah, and has fulfilled elements of justice and agreement. While the second manyambang activity is that there is no any services or work which is done. It does not meet the pillars and conditions of ijarah, so that it is not valid, besides that there is no aspect of justice because there was no reciprocity, if viewed in terms of agreement it is not in accordance with the terms of the agreement contained in Article 1327 KUH Perdata because one of the parties is subject to pressure or coercion.

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